Essay based on one care management decision the student has made in

Based on one care management decision the student has made in practice this semeester - Essay Example ing data for an analysis of the causes and consequences of the problem, exploring alternative solutions, selecting the appropriate solution, implementing the solution and evaluating the results (Judd, 2005). Patient had been admitted with the complaint of retention of urine and overnight did not pass urine leading to abdominal discomfort and pain. Providing quality care is vital not only to the patient, but to the nursing professional as well (Hakesley-Brown & Malone, 2007). Hence addressing the problem of urine retention to relieve the abdominal discomfort and pain became relevant. Assessment of condition of the patient helps in identifying the problem faced. The next step is identifying those problems that have nursing solution and the order in which the solutions need to be applied. There are some problems that can be provided with an immediate nursing solution and some that require the knowledge and skills of other professionals in the healthcare delivery system (Faulkner, A. 1996). Urine retention could be chronic or acute. In chronic urine retention the ability to pass urine in small quantities remains and the build up of urine in the bladder is slow, with pain a less frequent possibility. In the case of acute urine retention there is no urine passed and is normally accompanied with pain (Kurasawa, Kotani, Kurasawa, Takama & Orimo, 2005). This suggests that the patient has a problem of acute retention of urine (AUR). Acute retention of urine (AUR) is a common urological emergency, which is characterized by a sudden inability to pass urine associated with lower abdominal pain. There are several causes for AUR, as anything that blocks the flow of urine through the urethra can lead to AUR. Such blocks could occur as a result of the presence of stones in the bladder. Infection of the urinary tract is also a possible cause of urine retention. Nerve damage as a result of conditions like diabetes or multiple sclerosis can affect control over the bladder and

Reproduction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reproduction - Essay Example It has gonads also known as testes, a chain of ducts that helps in transportation of spermatozoa, and accessory glands (Palladino, n.d.). The process of spermatogenesis begins in the testes. It constitutes spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis (Jones & Lopez, 2006). In spermatogenesis, a diploid spermatogonium is changed into four haploid spermatids. The spermatogonia are found as immature germ cells found next to the walls of each seminiferous tubules. Mitosis is involved in the multiplication of these cells. Every one spermatogonium is 2n and constitutes double number chromosomes (46) (Jones & Lopez, 2006). Mitosis is involved in the multiplication of chromosomes, in which each of the pair that arises is moved into the progeny. Some spermatogonia begin meiosis. In the division, the spermatogonium changes into primary spermatocyte. This then enters the first meiotic division resulting in daughter cells with 23 chromosomes (Jones & Lopez, 2006). At this stage of reduction, the cells are now haploid (n) instead of diploid (2n). The n cells at this stage are known as secondary spermatocytes. In meiosis II cells produce four haploid cells known as the spermatids (Jones & Lopez, 2006). At this stage, the process is complete. The spermatids are later changed into sperm cells through a process known as spermiogenesis (Jones & Lopez, 2006). This is capable of fertilizing an egg. The process of spermatogenesis also relies on hormonal regulation. The tubules are surrounded by interstitial cells that help in the production of testosterone and secrete it into the bloodstream (Palladino, n.d.). The production of testosterone is at its highest in teenage years. The increase leads to the start of spermatogenesis as well as the development of accessory glands. Another hormone that plays a significant role in the process is androgens. The hormone helps in male sexual being as well as stimulation of secondary sexual characteristics (Palladino, n.d.). A complex